Precision forging machine is a kind of fast precision forging equipment, which is a short stroke press with several symmetrical hammer heads to forge metal billets with high frequency. The hammer head has two kinds of movement: (1) The eccentric shaft driven by the motor drives the connecting rod to make the hammer head reciprocating movement for forging; ② The adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the connecting rod through the eccentric sleeve and changes the opening size of the hammer head to obtain different forging sizes. During forging, the billet is sent to the forging press box by the chuck of the operator for reciprocating forging. Loading, unloading and conveying are manually or automatically controlled in the control room. The first small vertical precision forging machine was made in 1948 at GFM in Austria. After continuous improvement, the precision forging machine is gradually large-scale and serialized. The forging pressure of each hammer head of the precision forging machine is 15 to 2500 tons, and the blow is 2000 to 125 times per minute. The diameter of the forging blank is 20 ~ 850mm. The precision forging machine developed from manual and semi-automatic to automatic control, and then developed to computer control in the 1970s. There are two types of precision forging machine, vertical and horizontal. Vertical precision forging machine is limited in forging diameter and length, so it is difficult to realize automatic control.

The precision forging machine is mainly composed of forging press box, gear box, A chuck, B chuck, hammer adjustment device, conveying roller table, tipping device and electrical, hydraulic, compressed air, cooling water and other systems.

The number of hammer strokes per minute of precision forging machine is twice that of the fast forging hydraulic press, because of the high hammer times, the heat generated by the deformation of the billet can compensate for the heat lost to the environment, so the temperature change during the processing is small. This is very suitable for the production of high alloy steel, titanium alloy or refractory alloy with a narrow processing temperature range, ensuring product quality. The increase of the total deformation rate of the billet in a single heating also improves the productivity and yield. CNC forging can ensure that the product has a higher accuracy, the dimensional tolerance is up to ±1mm, and the processing allowance of the subsequent process is reduced. However, if the forged workpiece is long, it is easy to deform during heat treatment and needs to be corrected. Many countries in the world have adopted precision forging machines in metallurgy, machinery manufacturing, and national defense industries to produce alloy structural steel, high-strength alloy steel, titanium alloy and refractory alloy products. The ingot or billet is forged into bars with round, square and rectangular sections or into rotating symmetry axes, solid and hollow step axes, taper axes, thick wall tubes and gun tubes by different types of precision forging machines. Some countries in order to expand the product range, the use of hydraulic forging press and precision forging machine joint operation, there are also the use of large and small precision forging machine joint operation. Since the 1970s, the precision forging process has been developed into the precision forging rolling process, and the precision forging rolling unit has been created, which is composed of a continuous precision forging machine with multiple hammer heads and several rolling mills, mainly used in alloy steel mills to produce small bars.